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0086 1866 1199 988
0086 510-81151808
Sandy.Swun
519988808
Mandarin Education School
Room 405, 4 Fl,Building No.8,
Maoye Business Center,
Chang jiang No.1,
New district , Wuxi City , China
在对外汉语教学的初级阶段,纠正学生的发音十分重要,汉语中的z、c、s、zh、ch、sh、j、q、x等声母让很多学生感到头疼,总是发不好,如对泰国学生而言,z、c、s、zh、ch、sh在他们的语言中并不区别意义,所以总感觉是一样;对日本学生而言,l、r总是分不清楚,对欧美学生而言,re、ran、rang也是很难掌握的音。在教学中,不能教给学生那些专业的术语说明每个音的发音器官和发音方法,那只能让学生感到更加的困惑。所以我们只能把这些复杂的音通过简单的方式展示给学生,引导学生发出正确的音来。
在教学生z、c、s、zh、ch、sh、j、q、x这些音时,借鉴了老教师的方法,又加入了自己的一些想法,用手势表示这些音的不同,拿左手当做上颚,右手当做舌头,通过两只手来表示这些音的不同发音方法,以下一些图片就是我在上课时用到的手势,z、c、s的舌位是在前头,j、q、x的舌位是在中间,zh、ch、sh的舌位是在后面,而且zh、ch、sh的时候,右手(舌头)应该是弯的,以表示在发这些音时,舌头是卷的。当然这三张图片是基本手型,在教的时候,还要说明z、j、zh时舌头和上颚是紧贴的(touch), c、ch、q是送气的,可以用手掌放在口前以提示此时有“气”,s、sh、x时舌头和上颚只是靠近(close),而不是紧贴(touch)。在教学中,用这些手势提示学生发音的方法,效果还是不错的。
此外,关于l和r的差别,我告诉日本学生在发r的时候,舌头卷起之后,不能动,稍微移开就会变成l,或者是介于l和r之间的音。在用手势提示、讲解几次之后,她就能发的很好了,再也不会有人听不懂她在介绍自己时说的“我是日(rì)本人”了。
在对外汉语教学实践中,我发现这种方法不仅有效,而且学生们对此很感兴趣,甚至特别喜欢,每当我说“看我的手”时,他们都很高兴,然后跟着我读,声音特别大,注意力可集中了。有的学生也在下面学着做我的手势,这样他们回去就可以自己练习,提示自己发出正确的音了。